Case Studies

Spectro-analytical techniques are used to identify and quantify concentrations of greenhouse and other gases in the atmosphere. These techniques are based on the unique spectral ‘finger prints’ generated by molecular interactions with specific radiation selected in the near and mid infrared wavelengths of the electromagnetic sp...

Smart grids are a key component in the energy infrastructure needed to meet Europe’s target of 20% of energy consumption from renewable sources by 2020. But widespread adoption of smart grids is dependent on investor and consumer confidence in their ability to provide a stable high-quality electricity supply. As smart grids are...

LNG is formed when natural gas is cooled to approximately -162 °C, and occupies around 1/600th of the volume of natural gas in its gaseous state. This makes LNG more economical to transport over large distances, and facilitates the supply of natural gas from new sources where no pipeline infrastructure exists. The environmental...

Solid state lighting (SSL), which uses LEDs as the light source, is the most energy-efficient lighting technology available, and offers better quality light and visual performance. SSL’s extremely long lifetime and low maintenance costs promise savings for consumers and public authorities, and, unlike fluorescent lamps, it does...

Gas pipeline networks are highly complex transmission and distribution systems used to move gas across states, countries or even continents. It is important that gas quality is maintained throughout the network and remains within the requirements set by international natural gas quality guidelines. The presence of water in ene...

Biofuels are gradually being introduced across Europe’s transport sector through low-level blending with conventional fuels – of bioethanol in petrol and biodiesel in diesel. Ahead of large-scale implementation, given the significantly different chemical and physical properties of biofuels, we need a better understanding of how...