Radon metrology: Sensor networks for large buildings and future cities

European Directive 2013/59/Euratom requires that member states of the European Union mitigate the exposure to radon (Rn) and its progeny in order to safeguard citizens. Radon is a radioactive gas naturally emitted from the ground and, over time, can become concentrated inside buildings, especially those without ventilation. While improving air exchange and circulation can reduce exposure, ventilation systems can be energy intensive and require consistent maintenance, so need to be deployed efficiently to reduce waste. Smart sensor networks would allow ventilation systems to detect and react to fluctuations in radon levels in real time but there is a lack of robust metrology and traceable calibrations for these types of sensors.

This project will develop new radon activity concentration detectors, expanding and merging existing technology into networks which can provide regular, reliable radon measurements indoors. It will develop new concepts for cost-effective sensors with reduced response time, increased sensitivity and reduced uncertainty, as well as procedures for in-situ calibration. The project will also develop a network for these sensors which is able to span large buildings and utilise artificial intelligence to prepare digital twins. These networks will also be extended to incorporate data from other existing and developing sensor networks used for air quality management and radiation protection.

The work of the project will improve the measurement of indoor radon levels, allowing for ventilation systems which are effective without being inefficient and protecting citizens from exposure to harmful radiation.